Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Deposition of SDS Surfactant Assisted Copper Oxide Thin Films

Vol. 9 No. 4

Year: 2014

Issue: May-Jul

Title : Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Deposition of SDS Surfactant Assisted Copper Oxide Thin Films

Author Name : Iqbal Singh, Taminder Singh

Synopsis :

In this paper an attempt has been made to study the impact of surfactant on the properties of the ultrasonically spray deposited CuO films. An aqueous solution of cupric nitrate trihydrate (Cu(NO ) .3H O) modified with Sodium Dodecyl 3 2 2 Sulphate (SDS) surfactant is used to deposit CuO films on glass substrate by Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique. The X'Pert Panlytical Diffractometer was employed for the phase identification of the films using Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.5405 Å, 30mA, 40 kV) in 2θ range from 30-80°. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Micrographs (FESEM) and EDAX (Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-rays) spectrum were recorded on JEOL JSM-6700F Scanning Electron Microscope with a beam voltage of 30 kV. The depth profiler (Dektek 3030 XT) was employed for monitoring the film thickness and was found to be 400 ± 20 nm. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) studies of the films deposited at various substrate temperatures indicate the formation of monoclinic CuO with preferential orientation along the(002) plane for all samples. Surfactant modified films showed an increase in crystallite size of 35 nm at substrate temperature of 300 °C. The Scanning Electron Micrograph (FESEM) confirms the uniform distribution of facets like grains on the entire area of substrate. The results obtained in this study illustrate that SDS modified films show a significant reduction in the particle agglomeration thereby increasing the surface to volume ratio which in turn improves their sensing performance.

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Prospects of Biogas in Climate Change Mitigation and Climate Change Adaptation: A Study from Nepal

Vol. 9 No. 4

Year: 2014

Issue: May-Jul

Title : Prospects of Biogas in Climate Change Mitigation and Climate Change Adaptation: A Study from Nepal

Author Name : ANUSHIYA SHRESTHA

Synopsis :

This study assesses the role of domestic biogas plants in mitigation and adaptation to climate change through a case study of Gaikhur VDC in Gorkha District in Nepal. Comparing the biogas and non-biogas households, the study found that use of biogas contributed in mitigation of climate change through reduced emission of greenhouse gases, avoided the deforestation and increased the carbon capture. Application of biogas energy contributed towards improving the adaptation to climate change impacts through saving of household income, improved health, reduced hardship and saved time. Furthermore, biogas extended the opportunity of financial benefits through reduced emissions. Lack of knowledge on fertilizer value of bio-slurry has been the major cause of high payback period of initial investment made on biogas installation. Disclosing and analyzing the constraints accelerated the use of domestic biogas plants. This study suggests ways to overcome constraints and in enabling environment for the biogas sector.

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Assessment of Noise Environment in Cardiac Hospital – A Case Study for an Indian City

Vol. 9 No. 4

Year: 2014

Issue: May-Jul

Title : Assessment of Noise Environment in Cardiac Hospital – A Case Study for an Indian City

Author Name : Idris Ahmed, Dr. Ajay R. Tembhurkar

Synopsis :

Assessment of impact of noise on sensitive area especially in hospital environment has become most crucial concern in the recent time. Cardiac patients are one of the most sensitive and worst affected due to noise pollution. A study is therefore conducted on 100 beds cardiac hospital with a focus to assess the noise level in the hospital environment. A 16- hours sound measurement study is done using sound level meter (DAWE Model No. 1421C) to ascertain the noise level. The results indicate that the noise levels exceeded the limit of noise level prescribed by the authority. There is a significant difference (p < 0.05) spatially and temporally, in the noise exposure levels at various locations within the hospital premises. Sound pressure levels (dBA) were measured at 30 minutes intervals in the vicinity of a hospital environment. The resultant time series is analyzed using the Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Averages (ARIMA) modeling technique. The time series is found to be non stationary. After first differencing, the transformed series becomes stationary and is found to be governed by a moving average process of order 1.

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Removal of Chromium from Aqueous Solution by Indian Gooseberry Seed Powder as Adsorbent

Vol. 9 No. 4

Year: 2014

Issue: May-Jul

Title : Removal of Chromium from Aqueous Solution by Indian Gooseberry Seed Powder as Adsorbent

Author Name : D. Krishna, D. V. Padma , P. Kavya Sruthi, P. Siva Prasad

Synopsis :

In this present study, a low cost adsorbent is prepared from naturally and abundantly available Indian gooseberry seed powder which is a non-conventional adsorbent and is biodegradable. Batch experiments are carried out to investigate the effect of various process parameters such as agitation time, the adsorbent size, adsorbent dosage, initial chromium concentration and the effect of pH solution . The maximum adsorption of chromium is obtained at pH value of 2. The equilibrium data for the adsorption of chromium on Indian gooseberry seed powder is tested with various adsorption isotherms such as ‘Langmuir’, ‘Freundlich’ and ‘Tempkin’ isotherms. The Langmuir and Freundlich were found to be significant for the removal of chromium (VI) using Indian gooseberry seed powder and the maximum metal uptake is found to be 38.46 mg/g at pH value of 2. The adsorption process follows the second order kinetics and corresponding constants are obtained. In this study, Indian gooseberry seed powder is an effective and affordable adsorbent for hexavalent chromium removal from industrial waste water.

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Hydrodynamic Methods of Extraction of Immobile Hydrocarbon Liquids in Inhomogeneous Capillaries

Vol. 9 No. 4

Year: 2014

Issue: May-Jul

Title : Hydrodynamic Methods of Extraction of Immobile Hydrocarbon Liquids in Inhomogeneous Capillaries

Author Name : Geilani M. Panakhov, Elkhan M. Abbasov , Abbasova N.N , Sayavur I. Bakhtiyarov

Synopsis :

A new technological solution to improve the process of oil displacement by water flood can be done by increasing the hydrodynamic pressure periodically. The proposed technology allows, to overcome the resistance of capillary forces and to widen the injection zone. The filtration experiments were conducted under conditions corresponding to the reservoir through a composite rock sample of cylindrical shape which is made from natural reservoir core deposits of Western Siberia. The proposed technique also allows to estimate the pressure distribution along the propagation of the formation on discrete areas of the reservoir as the displacement front moves, and so, the time frame of the hydrodynamic pressure drop changes. It also allows to determining the duration and phasing of pressure control in order to achieve the expected hydrodynamic effect and consequently, increase the flow of oil to the producing wells.

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A Review on Treatment of Sugar Industry Effluents by Up Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor

Vol. 9 No. 3

Year: 2014

Issue: Feb-Apr

Title : A Review on Treatment of Sugar Industry Effluents by Up Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor

Author Name : Vamsi Krishna Reddy, Durgha Prasad, Sujatha V, sridevi veluru

Synopsis :

The world demand for sugar is the primary driver for Sugarcane Industry. In many developing countries, especially in Asia and South America, Sugarcane industry is one of the most prevalent agricultural industries. As a consequence, sugar cane industry has significant wastewater production. Rapid urbanization and industrialization in the developing countries like India are facing severe problems in collection, treatment and disposal of effluents. Un managed sugar mill effluent is found to have high contents of COD, BOD, TSS, TDS, and low contents of DO resulting in large scale contamination of land, water and air. This leads to serious public health problems and environmental degradation. Unfortunately, due to lack of knowledge, financial support and sometimes unwillingness to spend on treatment of wastewater, most of sugar industries in developing countries discharge wastewater without adequate treatment. For treating the biodegradable impurities, the natural choice is biological treatment, which could either be aerobic or anaerobic. But anaerobic digestion is an attractive waste treatment practice in which both pollution control and energy recovery can be achieved. Sugar industry wastewater was treated in a UASB ( Up flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket). In this review, the sugar industry wastewater generation sources, characteristics, recent advancements in the aerobic, anaerobic, and physico-chemical treatment technologies, Up flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor technology and the areas needing further research have been explored.

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Studies on Alcohol Fermentation of Cashew Apple Juice Using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

Vol. 9 No. 3

Year: 2014

Issue: Feb-Apr

Title : Studies on Alcohol Fermentation of Cashew Apple Juice Using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

Author Name : S.K. Masud Hossain, Anatharaman N

Synopsis :

The use of cashew apple juice to produce biofuel-alcohol by biotechnological process represents an important alternative to avoid wastage of large quantity of the fruit. Faced with the challenges of transforming raw materials and given the large amounts of cashew fruits destroyed at the expense of cashew nuts, a study of the fermentation of cashew apple juice is required for economic utilization of the agro-residue. This paper focuses on the alcohol fermentation of cashew apple juice by inoculation with yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in CSBR. The optimum parameters for the bioethanol fermentation are time, 96 h; pH, temperature, 55ºC; stirring speed, 35 rpm; cashew apple juice concentration 400 g/L. Maximum yield of ethanol was found to be 0.493 g/g of cashew apple juice at the optimum −1 −1 parameters. The sp. yeast growth rate (m) was 7.05 s and maximum sp. yeast growth rate ( m) was 14.10 s using MAX Monod Model respectively. The enzyme kinetic parameter (Km) was 160.5 g/L for ethanol fermentation at optimum bioprocess conditions. Kinetics of ethanol fermentation from cashew apple juice shows a good agreement with the first order rate kinetics.

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Analysis of Carbon Monoxide Pollutants by Using Sensors: and Remedial Measures

Vol. 9 No. 3

Year: 2014

Issue: Feb-Apr

Title : Analysis of Carbon Monoxide Pollutants by Using Sensors: and Remedial Measures

Author Name : Kavitha G, Aswini N, sridevi veluru

Synopsis :

Air pollution through fine and ultra-fine particles is a major threat to human health in cities of developed and especially of developing countries. Carbon Monoxide (CO) is the main pollutant in industries, residence and rural areas, CO is commonly referred as the “silent Killer”. CO is extremely toxic and often effects victims in such a manner that they fail to recognize the liability. In certain countries, even higher levels of fine particles occur in the indoor environment due to open stove cooking and heating. The carbon monoxide is mainly released in traffic areas, and Parking garages. There are many sources that are Vehicles’ carbon monoxide sources, Home carbon monoxide sources, Travel carbon monoxide sources, Work carbon monoxide sources etc.,and there are so many effects caused by carbon monoxide. In this present work the detailed description on different types of sensing technologies like Solid state Sensors, Electro Chemical Sensors are used for finding CO and remedial measures to control CO are reviewed.

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Studies on the Effect of Antioxidants On Edible Oils in the Indian Context

Vol. 9 No. 3

Year: 2014

Issue: Feb-Apr

Title : Studies on the Effect of Antioxidants On Edible Oils in the Indian Context

Author Name : Susarla Sastry, Ch. V. Ramachandra Murthy

Synopsis :

Edible oil is a perishable ingredient the in daily consumption of food. It deteriorates rapidly under Indian climate conditions. The ever increasing and steady demand for the consumption of edible oil, shows the necessity of investigating their shelf life. Various causes are documented for the deterioration of oil. Hence, during the processing and refining of oil, it is fortified with various synthetically prepared antioxidants. The major antioxidants added in edible oil are t –Butyl Hydro Quinone (TBHQ), Butylated Hydroxy Anisole (BHA) and Propyl Gallate (PG). A study was planned to investigate the effect of different degrees of fortification of antioxidants on shelf life of the oil. Each sample of oil was analyzed chemically and interpreted with respect to the change in their shelf life. It showed that, out of those three antioxidants, BHA was most effective and PG was found to be least effective.

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Removal of Manganese from Aqueous Solution by Limonia Acidissima Hull Powder as Adsorbent

Vol. 9 No. 3

Year: 2014

Issue: Feb-Apr

Title : Removal of Manganese from Aqueous Solution by Limonia Acidissima Hull Powder as Adsorbent

Author Name : D. Krishna, Suresh M, Srikhar I.S, Madhuri N

Synopsis :

Heavy metals like manganese(Mn II ) have been widely used in various industries like rubber processing, mining, fertilizers, leather, chemical manufacture, metal finishing, metal plating, paint industry and many other industries. Since manganese interferes with laundering operation, imparts objectionable stains to plumbing fixture and causes trouble in distribution systems by supporting growths of iron bacteria, it is very much required to remove manganese from effluents before allowing it to enter on any water system or to land. In this present study, the removal of manganese by adsorption on the limonia acidissima hull powder as adsorbent has been investigated in batch experiments. The agitation time, the adsorbent size, adsorbent dosage, initial manganese concentration and the effect of pH solution are studied. Adsorption mechanism is found to follow ‘Langmuir’ and ‘Freundlich’. The adsorption behavior is described by a second order kinetics. Percentage removal of manganese (VI) is found to be 84.41% at pH=4, w=0.2g, dp=89μm and temperature=303 K. The results obtained in this study illustrate that limonia acidissima hull powder is an effective and economically viable adsorbent for manganese removal from industrial waste water.

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RR Interval Time Series Formulation in ECG Signals

Vol. 9 No. 2

Year: 2014

Issue: Nov-Jan

Title : RR Interval Time Series Formulation in ECG Signals

Author Name : Sautami Basu, Yusuf U Khan

Synopsis :

The clinical importance of the ECG signal in cardiology is well established. Since noise is embedded with signal during acquisition it has to be filtered out in order to deliver accurate fast and reliable estimation of clinical parameters. The Rpeak is an important fiducial point. In the present paper an efficient and straight forward R-peak detection algorithm has been proposed. This leads to formulation of heart rate from accurate RR interval time series. The heart rate is calculated for various ECG records and then compared with original values. The records have been taken from MIT/BIH database to validate the efficiency of the proposed method. Simulation is carried out in MATLAB environment.

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A Novel Approach for Optimization of Gas Lift System: Pilot Tests Results

Vol. 9 No. 2

Year: 2014

Issue: Nov-Jan

Title : A Novel Approach for Optimization of Gas Lift System: Pilot Tests Results

Author Name : Ramiz S. Gurbanov, Nazim B. Nasibov, Sayavur I. Bakhtiyarov

Synopsis :

An optimization of gas lift process is proposed in this research study. The factor of the productive formation operation (well productivity factor) is considered in the proposed method of optimization. The proposed method was applied to five gas lift operated wells on Guneshli oil field (Azerbaijan). The simulations based on the proposed method allowed to provide recommendations in order to optimize the technological parameters for gaslift operated wells on Guneshli oilfield.

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Living and Non-Living Microorganisms as Adsorbents for the Removal of Chromium from Waste Water-A Review

Vol. 9 No. 2

Year: 2014

Issue: Nov-Jan

Title : Living and Non-Living Microorganisms as Adsorbents for the Removal of Chromium from Waste Water-A Review

Author Name : D. Krishna, Padma Sree R

Synopsis :

The contamination of water with chromium is a severe problem. The presence of hexavalent chromium in waste water is severe hazard to aquatic life and humans. Biosorption of heavy metals is an important technique used in the removal of chromium from various sources like industrial waste, aqueous systems and municipal waste waters. Chromium metal removal technique using non-conventional adsorbents such as microorganisms are cheap because of the low cost of adsorbents used and many represent a practical replacement to conventional processes. There are various mechanisms such as kinetic models and adsorption isotherms employed for the efficient removal of hexavalent chromium from various sources. The present review discusses brief findings of hexavalent chromium removal with the maximum metal uptake by using living and non-living microorganisms as adsorbents.

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Design, Construction and Installation of MLULM Device Stand in an Oil Tank

Vol. 9 No. 2

Year: 2014

Issue: Nov-Jan

Title : Design, Construction and Installation of MLULM Device Stand in an Oil Tank

Author Name : Sheikh Rafik Manihar Ahmed

Synopsis :

This Paper explains the design, construction and installation of Multi-Layer Ultrasonic Level Measuring device stand, which makes the device contactless from liquids in an oil tank. The appropriate design of the multi-layer ultrasonic level measuring device (MLULM) stand helps for accurate measurement of level or interface level of the liquids to determine and examine the propagation of the ultrasonic wave pulse in oil, oil-water mixture (Emulsion or rag layer) and water liquids. A common measurement in these industries is detecting the interface level between two liquids or mixed liquids in the Oil refinery tank or vessel, such as oil, water and mixed liquids (Emulsion) is a must [5-9]. The difference in specific gravity or density of the two liquids in the refinery tanks shows that the lower density liquid will float on top of the higher density liquid in the oil refinery tank. But an emulsion or water-oil mixed rag layer will exist between the oil and water liquids [16, 4]. This interface situation creates multiple interfaces between more than two products or the interface between a lower density liquid and a higher density liquid in the oil refinery tank. An oil refinery does not want any water to enter the distillation process. Accuracy is very important here because any crude oil in the water means product losses, and presence of water in the oil requires extra inlet separation processing for refinery Industry [11-14]. The Separation of the Liquids in the refinery tank is done easily due to a difference in the density or specific gravity of the Liquids. This difference is enough to cause the water and oil to be separate. It may be too small of a difference on which to base an interface measurement. Some variables are required to control the process such as the overall level value needed as well as the interface and the thickness of the upper layer to prevent cross contamination of the separate liquids.

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Environmental Engineering Paradigm and Vision for the Immediate Future

Vol. 9 No. 2

Year: 2014

Issue: Nov-Jan

Title : Environmental Engineering Paradigm and Vision for the Immediate Future

Author Name : Sukanchan Palit

Synopsis :

Environmental Engineering Science is crossing one frontier over another. Man's vision is wide, far-reaching and proven over the decades and centuries. Man's scientific endeavour is surpassed by one barrier over another. Zero discharge norms is the vision of tomorrow in environmental engineering perspective. An environmental engineering scientific Endeavour needs to be validated in the pursual of future vision of membrane science. The vision needs to be of sound technical knowledge and prowess. In the pursuit of knowledge and innovation, the world of challenges beckons in the horizon of barriers time and again. Here comes the necessity of a sound environmental engineering perspective. The vision is wide and clear- membrane science is today's environmental engineering technique. Membrane science is surpassing one frontier over another. In today's age, man's as well as scientist's target should be towards environmental and energy sustainability. Provision of pure drinking water to the common mass has an umbilical cord with environmental sustainability. A scientist's vision will be validated only when scientific endeavour reaches the rural and urban milieu. In this paper, the author delineates the importance of membrane science and the immense application of reverse osmosis in the provision of clean drinking water and desalination.

Man's vision is unsurpassed, groundbreaking and inspiring. The caution and the order of the present-day civilization with respect to environmental engineering perspective is to target zero-discharge norms. Introspection, vision and hope will surely lead mankind to its achievable goals. Today's world has crucial and critical perspectives. Provision of drinking water will surely be a boon to the endless scientific endeavors in membrane science and technology. Desalination of sea water and removal of metals from groundwater will be the target and vision of tomorrow's engineering Endeavour.

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Removal of Cu (Ii) From Aqueous Solution Using Borasus Flabellifer Coir Powder as Adsorbent

Vol. 9 No. 1

Year: 2013

Issue: Aug-Oct

Title : Removal of Cu (Ii) From Aqueous Solution Using Borasus Flabellifer Coir Powder as Adsorbent

Author Name : D. Krishna

Synopsis :

Heavy metals present in waste water could affect adversely on aquatic life, human health and overall ecosystem. Therefore, nowadays more focus has been given for the use of agricultural waste as low cost adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals from waste water. In this paper, the studies on removal of Cu (II) from waste water on borasus flabellifer coir powder as adsorbent were investigated in a batch mode experiments. The agitation time, the adsorbent size, adsorbent dosage, initial copper concentration, and the effect of solution pH have been studied. The Freundlich model for Cu (II) adsorption onto borasus flabellifer coir powder was proved to be the best fit followed by Langmuir model and Tempkin model based on high regression coefficient R2 value. The adsorption kinetic behavior was best described by second order. The maximum percentage removal of metal efficiency was found to be 97.92 %. The results obtained in this study illustrate that borasus flabellifer coir powder is expected to be an effective and economically viable adsorbent for Cu (II) removal from industrial waste water.

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A Numerical Study on Plunger Leakage for Beam Pump Systems

Vol. 9 No. 1

Year: 2013

Issue: Aug-Oct

Title : A Numerical Study on Plunger Leakage for Beam Pump Systems

Author Name : Yasser Rihan

Synopsis :

In this paper a numerical model for calculating plunger pump leakage is introduced. This model involves calculating the velocity profile for an annulus with the inner wall moving parallel to the outer wall. The calculated average velocity for the annular fluid is used to predict the fluid slippage. The new method for the slippage agrees with published formula at the same operating conditions. The numerical model is used to predict the fluid slippage at different operating conditions.

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Characterization of Cold-Sprayed Nicocraly Coatings on Fe-Based Superalloy and Hot Corrosion Behavior in Na2SO4-Nacl Environment

Vol. 9 No. 1

Year: 2013

Issue: Aug-Oct

Title : Characterization of Cold-Sprayed Nicocraly Coatings on Fe-Based Superalloy and Hot Corrosion Behavior in Na2SO4-Nacl Environment

Author Name : Sukhminderbir Singh Kalsi, T.S. Sidhu , Harminder Singh

Synopsis :

In the present study cold spraying was used to deposit and NiCoCrAlY coating on Fe-based Superfer 800H superalloy and coating was successfully deposited with cold spray process. As sprayed coating was tested for microhardness, thickness and microstructure. The hot corrosion behavior of the bare and coated superalloy is evaluated in Na2SO4-10% NaCl environment at 900°C under cyclic conditions. The microstructural characteristics of the corrosion products were investigated with XRD, SEM, EDAX and Elemental X-Ray Mapping. The cold sprayed NiCoCrAlY coating perform better as compare to bare superalloy against hot corrosion degradation. Dense coating structure obtained by the cold spray technique and protective oxide layer on the top are responsible for better performance of the coating.

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Key Issues and Probable Solutions for Supply Chains in the Indian Railways

Vol. 9 No. 1

Year: 2013

Issue: Aug-Oct

Title : Key Issues and Probable Solutions for Supply Chains in the Indian Railways

Author Name : Anshul Jain, Chandrashekhar Jawalkar

Synopsis :

Supply chain is an integrated area providing scope for enormous development and improvement in any business network. The paper discusses issues related to supply chain network in the context of Indian Railways (IR). A relationship of the existing supply chain network in India and USA has been attempted in brief. The key issues have been identified, segregated area wise and some potential solutions to these supply chain issues in the Indian context have been attempted and discussed. The methodology adopted in the present analysis was through carrying out an extensive literature survey, including study on the reports published by the Indian Railways and discussion with various stakeholders of the IR freight business. Some feedbacks were taken from the grass root levels through interactions with the railway workers in the ambala zone. The proposed solutions reflect the need to understand the key issues that can eventually lead to an active interest among the researcher community. Its active considerations by the IR can provide some cost cutting and esteemed benefits to its customers and stake holders.

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The Future Vision of Science And Technology Of And Its Impact On Water Shortage Problem - A Far-Reaching Overview

Vol. 9 No. 1

Year: 2013

Issue: Aug-Oct

Title : The Future Vision of Science And Technology Of And Its Impact On Water Shortage Problem - A Far-Reaching Overview.

Author Name : Sukanchan Palit

Synopsis :

Environmental issues throughout the world are thought provoking to our mankind. In this age of immense scientific progress and similarly the crisis and catastrophe of the issues of environmental disaster and energy sustainability, the question of novel separation processes comes into the mind’s horizon of a common man as well as a scientist. The alarming question of zero discharge norms is belittling mankind’s progress in science and technology. The world of challenge lies in the field of environmental engineering and the targeted vision of environmental regulations. Standing in such a critical juncture, mankind especially an environmental engineer is more poised towards novel separation processes mainly membrane separation processes. Within this wide and versatile domain of membrane science, nanofiltration has an imminent and far-reaching goal. This review deals with the vast application areas of nanofiltration in the field of desalination and groundwater treatment. The science of nanofiltration connotes to a persuasive definition-the separation of solid wastes whether it is organic or inorganic in view of a greater understanding towards efficiency and effectiveness of the particular membrane separation process. Nanofiltration , reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration and other membrane separation processes today is in the verge of new discoveries and dimensions of invention. Man’s struggle to fetch pure and clean drinking water which is pollution free and remediated has turned out to be one of the greatest social and scientific discoveries of our time. The challenges are immense as well as daunting. Scientific inventions and effective scientific pursuits is bringing our civilization to a new age of scientific validity. Clean water is the boon to a new age of scientific pursuit. The challenge to bring forward the importance of nanofiltration is daunting as well as visionary and it will surely go a long way in opening up new doors of innovation as well as intuition in years to come.

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Effects Of Chemical Reaction And Heat Generation On Mhd Boundary Layer Flow Of A Moving Vertical Plate With Suction And Dissipation

Vol.8 No.4

Year: 2013

Issue: May-Jul

Title : Effects Of Chemical Reaction And Heat Generation On Mhd Boundary Layer Flow Of A Moving Vertical Plate With Suction And Dissipation

Author Name : R. Chandra Sekhar Reddy, Dr.K.Jayarami reddy , M. Suryanarayana Reddy

Synopsis :

In this paper, the study of the steady two-dimensional flow of an incompressible viscous fluid with heat and mass transfer and MHD heat generation past a moving vertical plate with suction in the presence of viscous dissipation and chemical reaction is investigated. Using similarity variables, the governing partial differential equations are transformed into non-linear ordinary differential equations. These equations are then solved numerically using fourth order Runge-Kutta method with shooting technique. The flow variables are presented graphically. The graphs showed that velocity rises for increasing Grashof number, mass Grashof numer, suction, heat generation and Eckert number while reducing with increasing magnetic parameter, Schmidt number, and chemical reaction parameter and Prandtl number. Comparisons with previously published work are performed and are found to be in an excellent agreement.

Chordwise Bending Vibration Analysis of Rotating Double Tapered Beams Using Ritz Method

Vol.8 No.4

Year: 2013

Issue: May-Jul

Title : Chordwise Bending Vibration Analysis of Rotating Double Tapered Beams Using Ritz Method

Author Name : M.N.V.Ramesh, Nalluri Mohan Rao

Synopsis :

Chordwise bending vibration characteristics of rotating double tapered beam have been investigated. Considering the assumed modes method, potential energy and kinetic energy expressions are derived from a set of hybrid deformation variables. The system of equations of motion are derived by using the Lagrange’s approach based on Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. Numerical examples are considered to investigate the effect of taper ratio, hub radius ratio and rotational speed on chordwise bending natural frequencies of the rotating taper beam. To establish the validity of the formulation, initially the results were compared with those of the earlier reported works. It has been observed that the results are in conformity with those reported in the literature.

Testing The Performance Of Plant Growth Optimization Algorithm

Vol.8 No.4

Year: 2013

Issue: May-Jul

Title : Testing The Performance Of Plant Growth Optimization Algorithm

Author Name : Nalluri Mohan Rao, K. V. Nageswara Rao

Synopsis :

This paper presents an optimization algorithm called Plant Growth Optimization (PGO) and it is applied for different test functions to evaluate its performance. The PGO is based on the plant growth characteristics in which an artificial plant growth model is built including leaf growth, branching, phototropism, and spatial occupancy. The plant growth process is that a plant grows a trunk from its root; some branches will grow from the nodes on the trunk; and then some new branches will grow from the nodes on the branches. Such process is repeated, until a plant is formed. This process is simulated in this algorithm by producing new points (branch points) from initial points (roots). After producing the new points (branch points), the algorithm searches the optimum solution around these points through the operation called leaf growth (for local search). This is used to ensure the accuracy of the solution. It is one of the evolutionary algorithms like the Genetic algorithm. A MATLAB code for the plant growth optimization algorithm is developed and it is tested for three classical test functions. The results are tabulated and plotted.

Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Approach for Modeling Cu (II) Adsorption from Aqueous Solution Using a Custard Apple Peel Powder

Vol.8 No.4

Year: 2013

Issue: May-Jul

Title : Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Approach for Modeling Cu (II) Adsorption from Aqueous Solution Using a Custard Apple Peel Powder

Author Name : D. Krishna, Padma Sree R

Synopsis :

In this paper, an artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed to predict the removal efficiency of Cu (II) from aqueous solution using a custard apple peel powder as adsorbent. The effect of operational parameters such as pH, adsorbent dosage, and initial Cu (II) concentration are studied to optimize the conditions for the maximum removal of Cu (II) ions. Experimentally it was found that adsorption equilibrium is obtained in 60 minutes. The ANN model was developed using 40 experimental data points for training and 14 data points for testing by a single layer feed forward back propagation network with 10 neurons to obtain minimum mean squared error (MSE). A tansigmoid was used as transfer function for input and purelin for output layers. The high correlation coefficient (R2average-ANN =0.989) between the model and the experimental data showed that the model was able to predict the removal of Cu (II) from aqueous solution using custard apple peel powder efficiently. Pattern search method in genetic algorithm was applied to get optimum values of input parameters for the maximum removal of Cu (II).

Sustainable energy for Eco-friendly development

Vol.8 No.4

Year: 2013

Issue: May-Jul

Title : Sustainable energy for Eco-friendly development

Author Name : Susarla Sastry, Ch. V. Ramachandra Murthy

Synopsis :

It is the provision of energy that meets the demands of the present generation without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their needs. It includes all renewable energy sources such as hydroelectricity, wind energy, solar energy, wave power, geothermal, bio energy and tidal energy. It also includes technologies that are designed to improve energy efficiency. The renewable energy technologies are mainly grouped into three sectors as first, second and third generation technologies. Green energy and energy conservation techniques comes under the category of sustainable energy development. Many European countries employ these techniques in the local level (Canadell, 2007). These techniques are implemented right from energy carriers such as hydrogen and liquid nitrogen carriers. The recent statistic figures show that these green sustainable energies of rapid importance as the planet earth is suffering from global warming. This sustainable energy development has got links with all the sectors of energy such as energy production, conservation, and decrease of pollution and to implement techniques that are eco friendly.