Multi-Criteria Analysis for Flood Risk Assessment Using Remote Sensing & GIS Technique-A Case Study of Damodar River Basin

Volume 14 Issue 1 August - October 2018

Case Study

Multi-Criteria Analysis for Flood Risk Assessment Using Remote Sensing & GIS Technique-A Case Study of Damodar River Basin

Surajit Bera*, Mobin Ahmad **, Alisha Prasad ***

*-** Natural Resource Modelling and Environment Management, CSIR- Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India.

*** Center for Land Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.

Bera, S., Ahmad, M. and Prasad, A.(2018). Multi-Criteria Analysis for Flood Risk Assessment Using Remote Sensing & Gis Technique-A Case Study of Damodar River Basin.i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 14(1), 55-74.https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.14.1.15256

Abstract

Flood is a natural hazard occurring on the Earth's surface when water overflows the bank and spreads over the flood plain causing harm to the residents, crops, and vegetation. GIS, Remote Sensing, and Modelling technology are used in formulating models for flood hazard monitoring, risk analysis, and identification of flood risk zones for the planning and management of this natural hazard. The flood risk assessment of Damodar River Basin lying in districts of Jharkhand, Bihar and West Bengal in India, was prepared using multi-criteria analysis involving the weighted overlay of LU/LC, drainage density, soil, rainfall, slope, and geological parameters. The total area of 23,370.98 sq.km is divided into four flood risk zones, namely no flood risk, low flood risk, moderate flood risk, and high flood risk zone. According to the final output flood risk map no risk zone covers 6,472.19 sq.km (27.69%), low risk zone covers 3,341.02 sq.km (14.30%), moderate risk zone covers 12,647.48 sq.km (54.12%), and high risk zone covers 910.29 sq.km (3.89%) of area. According to the evaluated statistics 40% of the total area of Bihar in the study area comes under no risk zone. A major area of low flood risk zone is present in Jharkhand, which is 15.80% of the total area of Jharkhand in the study area, whereas in Bihar it comprises 6.23% of its total area in the study area and in West Bengal it covers 11.02% of its total area in the study area. In West Bengal, 68.63% and 20.35% of the total area of West Bengal in the study area comes under moderate flood risk and high flood risk zone, respectively.